Biomedical sensors , instrumentation & equipment

 Biomedical sensors , instrumentation & equipment.

1. Role of biosensors in medical field?

     Biosensors play a crucial role in the medical field by detecting biological analytes and converting them into measurable signals. They can be used for diagnostic purposes, such as detecting biomarkers of disease, as well as monitoring patient health parameters. Biosensors are also used in drug discovery and development, as well as in personalized medicine.


2.Define transducers and give some examples using in medical application ?

      Transducers are devices that convert one form of energy into another. In the medical field, transducers are used to convert physical or chemical signals from the body into measurable electrical signals. For example, ultrasound transducers convert mechanical energy into electrical signals used to create images of internal body structures. Other examples include electrocardiogram (ECG) and electromyogram (EMG) transducers, which convert electrical signals from the heart and muscles, respectively, into readable signals. Blood glucose monitors also use transducers to convert chemical signals from blood samples into electrical signals that can be measured.



3.Define resolution and threshold ?

        Resolution refers to the ability of a measurement system to distinguish between small changes in the quantity being measured. In other words, it is the smallest detectable difference between two measurements. For example, a ruler with a resolution of 1 millimeter can accurately measure lengths to the nearest millimeter.

       Threshold, on the other hand, refers to the minimum level of a signal or stimulus required to produce a detectable response. In medical applications, thresholds are often used to determine the presence or absence of a particular condition or disease. For example, the threshold for glucose in blood glucose monitors is the minimum level at which the monitor can detect glucose in a blood sample. If the glucose level falls below the threshold, the monitor will not produce a reading.



4.What is the need of multi sensory array?

        Multi-sensory arrays are used in various applications where the detection and recognition of multiple stimuli are necessary. These arrays provide high-resolution data from multiple sensors, enabling better detection and classification of complex signals. In medical applications, multi-sensory arrays can be used for disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and patient monitoring. They can also be used for environmental sensing, robotics, and surveillance, among other applications. The need for multi-sensory arrays arises when a single sensor is unable to provide sufficient information or when multiple sources of information need to be integrated for improved accuracy and reliability.



5.List the biomedical application of comperative sensors ?

Comparative sensors are used in various biomedical applications, including:

• Blood glucose monitoring: Comparative sensors are used to detect and measure glucose levels in blood, providing a convenient and non-invasive way for diabetes patients to manage their condition.

• Oxygen saturation monitoring: Comparative sensors are used to measure oxygen saturation levels in blood, providing a way to monitor respiratory function.

• Heart rate monitoring: Comparative sensors are used to measure heart rate, providing a way to monitor cardiac function.

• Blood pressure monitoring: Comparative sensors are used to measure blood pressure, providing a way to monitor cardiovascular health.

• Respiratory rate monitoring: Comparative sensors are used to measure respiratory rate, providing a way to monitor respiratory function.

• Body temperature monitoring: Comparative sensors are used to measure body temperature, providing a way to monitor fever and other conditions.